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Jewish Settlement under Antiochus III
The Jewish community in Sardis became even stronger during the rule of the Seleucid king Antiochus III the Great. He ruled from 223 to...
The Main Church of Sardis (Church D)
On the north side of the present highway in Sardis, five large rectangular piers can still be seen standing in the field. These piers...
Early Christian Churches near the Temple of Artemis in Sardis
Archaeologists have uncovered two important churches to the right of the path that leads to the famous Temple of Artemis in Sardis. These churches...
A World Full of Gods
In the Roman world, there was never a shortage of gods or goddesses. Every city had its own divine protectors, and new deities were...
Festivals of the Imperial Cult
The best surviving ancient description of festivals organized for the imperial cult comes from Antiochus I of Commagene (69–31 BCE), whose monumental sanctuary on...
The Imperial Cult in Western Anatolia
The Roman imperial cult played a major role in the religious and social life of cities in western Anatolia. Even before the power of...
The Influence of the Church of Saint George
The Name “Braz Saint George”
From the Church of Saint George at the Mangana, medieval writers derived the name “Braz Saint George” for the Sea...
The Church and Monastery of Saint George at the Mangana
Location South of the Kynegion
A short distance south of the Kynegion stood one of the most important religious institutions of Byzantine Constantinople: the Church...
Değirmen Kapısı and the Southern Sea Walls
Moving South from the Gate of Saint Barbara
When we continue southward from the Gate of Saint Barbara, we come to another entrance in the...
Marmora Porta in the Quarter of Eugenius
There is good reason to believe that the Gate of Eugenius was known by more than one name during Byzantine times. Besides its usual...
